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Zika virus – what do we know?

The Zika virus outbreak in Brazil continues, and three UK travellers have been diagnosed with the virus, having travelled to Colombia, Suriname and Guyana. Zika is a mosquito-transmitted virus – the specific vector is the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is found in tropical and subtropical regions. Although most people that contract Zika have mild symptoms or no symptoms at all, there is the suggestion that the increase in Zika case numbers in Brazil is associated with an increase in cases of babies born there with microcephaly (small head and underdeveloped brain). In the US the CDC has advised pregnant women to avoid travelling to infected countries. It is an emerging situation in Brazil and there is still a lot we don’t know about Zika. There is currently no vaccine and no treatment. read more

expert reaction to series of reports on stillbirths

A series of papers has been published in The Lancet journal which explores how stillbirths might be reduced across the world. The report estimates that 2.6 million stillbirths occur annually, of which 98% occur in low- and middle-income countries. read more

elective caesarean sections and asthma, obesity and all-cause death

A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association has investigated between vaginal birth, planned and unscheduled cesarean delivery, and subsequent health problems or early death of the child, reporting differences in risk of a range of outcomes between the three groups. read more

cochrane review of evidence on stress urinary incontinence surgery / vaginal mesh – effectiveness and side effects

Vaginal mesh surgery for stress urinary incontinence has been in the news over the last couple of years, with questions being asked about its safety, effectiveness and potential side effects. The procedure involves implanting a sling made of artificial mesh under the urethra to support the muscles of the bladder. There have been a number of reports of women suffering pain and injury after surgery, and some suggestion that side-effects may be due to the sling which is made of non-absorbable plastic. This has led to court cases worldwide, with some already under way in the UK, the USA and Canada. In Scotland, the health minister called for hospitals to consider the suspension of mesh operations until more evidence is available. An independent review set up in Scotland in 2014 to review the safety of these operations will publish its findings later this year. read more

diagnosing miscarriage

Four new studies investigating the diagnosis of miscarriage were published in the journal Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynaecology; two of the lead authors briefed journalists on their findings and the implications. read more

a potential treatment for endometriosis

An expert in reproductive science comments on findings presented at the annual meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology that a class of drugs known as dopamine agonists form an effective treatment for the gynaecological condition endometriosis. read more

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